In 2024, 4.2 million people immigrated to the EU from non-EU countries. This figure does not include asylum seekers and/or refugees from Ukraine under temporary protection for some countries. Additionally, 1.5 million people migrated between EU countries.
In total, there was an estimated 9.2 immigrants from non-EU countries per 1 000 residents in the EU in 2024.
Relative to the size of the resident population, Malta recorded the highest rate of immigration from EU and non-EU countries in 2024 (60 immigrants per 1 000 residents), followed by Cyprus (42) and Luxembourg (38).
By contrast, Slovakia registered the lowest rate of immigration, with 1 immigrant per 1 000 residents, followed by France (6), and Italy, Latvia, Bulgaria and Poland (all with 8).