In 2024, environmental tax revenue in the EU amounted to €371.9 billion compared with €350.4 billion in 2023, marking a 6.1% increase (+€21.4 billion).
Despite this increase, the share of environmental taxes in the EU’s gross domestic product (GDP) declined from 2.5% in 2014 to 2.1% in 2024. Over the same period, environmental tax revenue as a share of the total government revenue from taxes and social contributions fell from 6.1% to 5.1%.
Energy taxes were the main source of environmental taxes in the EU, reaching €287.0 billion in 2024, up from €269.3 billion in the year before. Transport taxes followed with €67.0 billion in 2024, from €64.0 billion in 2023, while taxes on pollution and resources totalled €17.9 billion, compared with €17.2 billion in 2023.
Data shows that environmental tax revenues increased in 22 EU countries in 2024. Romania recorded the highest growth (+21.7%), followed by Lithuania and Poland, with 13.9% and 12.7%, respectively. Hungary (+12.2%) and Poland (+11.2%) were also among the countries with the highest increases.
In 5 EU countries, these revenues decreased compared with the previous year: Sweden (-17.7%), Slovakia (-6.1%), Finland (-3.8%), Greece (-3.7%) and Bulgaria (-2.3%).