In 2022, 24 million people worked under a temporary contract in the EU (12% of total employed people aged 15-64). Among them, one-fourth (6 million) were aged 15-29 and no longer in formal education (23% of total employed people aged 15-29 not participating in formal education).
There were significant variations in the share of employed people aged 15-29 not participating in formal education with temporary contracts in EU countries. The highest share of temporary workers in this category was recorded in Portugal (40 %), followed by Spain (39%) and Italy (38%). On the other end, the lowest shares were recorded in Lithuania and Latvia (both 3%), Romania (4%) and Estonia (5%).
The shares of temporary workers among employed men and women aged 25-64 vary by education level and presence of children. The 25-64 age group is considered, to enable comparison across education levels.